注意偏向训练对社交焦虑的干预：方法、效果与机制

社交焦虑障碍是最普遍且难于治疗的精神障碍之一。大量研究发现, 注意偏向训练可以有效缓解社交焦虑。研究者从自我报告、结构化评估、生理记录等方面考察发现, 接受了注意偏向训练的社交焦虑个体其注意偏向、生理唤醒和脑神经活动发生变化并且社交焦虑症状有所缓解。注意偏向训练对社交焦虑的干预机制可能是因为训练提升了个体对威胁性刺激的注意解除能力。今后的研究可以进一步明确注意偏向训练干预社交焦虑的效果与机制, 拓宽评估注意偏向训练效果的手段, 并探索其对社交焦虑干预的长期效果和对其它心理疾病的作用。

Attentional Bias Training towards Social Anxiety

Social anxiety disorder is one of the most common and intractable mental disorders. Numerous studies have found that attention bias training can be an effective treatment for patients or normal people with social anxiety. According to self-report, structured interview and physiological records, researchers found that individuals with social anxiety change attention bias, physiological arousal and cranial nerve activity, in addition, their social anxiety symptoms are relieved after attention bias training. Intervention mechanism of attention bias training towards social anxiety is probable because training enhances individual attentional disengagement ability from the threatening stimulation. Future research further clarify intervention effect and mechanism of attention bias training towards social anxiety, and broaden the evaluation means of attention bias training effect as well as explore its long-term effects and the role in other mental illnesses.