嗓音源判断过程中的范畴效应和通道效应

该项研究通过设计4种实验条件，旨在探讨不同嗓音词的再认和嗓音判断过程各自的特点及其相互联系。4种实验条件是由2种诵读方式和2种测试方式组合而成，2种诵读方式为同范畴同嗓音和同范畴异嗓音，2种测试方式为视觉呈现和听觉呈现。52名大学生被试随机分成4个独立的组，分别接受一种实验处理。实验结果显示：(1)同范畴同嗓音条件与同范畴异嗓音条件相比，前者项目词的嗓音源判断效果好。提示增加相同记忆源项目间语义联系将有利于记忆源的检测判断。(2)项目再认与项目嗓音判断结果不完全一致，只有在诵读方式为同范畴同嗓音测试方式为听觉呈现情境下，两者有较高的正相关。(3)在同范畴同嗓音诵读条件下，再认反映出学习和测试通道源一致性优势效应，嗓音判断没有反映出通道源一致性优势效应。

THE EFFECTS OF SEMANTIC SIMILARITY AND MODALITY IN SOURCE MONITORING

The experiment presented here was designed to explored the impacts of the semantic similarity and the test modality on listeners' ability to identify speakers' voice and recognition. Fifty two undergraduate students participated in this study as subjects for course credit of General Psychology. Participants heard an audio tape of two people,a male and a female,uttering Chinese two character words from six categories,and later decided who said each word. The author varied the semantic distinctiveness of the words that two people spoke and the distinctiveness of the test modality. Participants demonstrated higher source monitoring scores and the recognition advantage of source constancy between study and test when the same category words were spoken by the same speaker. The advantage of source constancy between study and test was not found in source monitoring. There was correlation between recognition and source monitoring only when the same category words were spoken by the same speaker and test modality was audition. These results suggested that if the words from the same source had more similar semantic features,subjects identified sources of the words more easily. The semantic similarity was an important factor that influenced the source monitoring.