公共卫生监测中的伦理原则及标准

从理论上概述了各时期监测定义的演变以及相关伦理辩论,列举了公共卫生监测所引发的普遍的伦理问题及适用的主要伦理原则,揭示了临床医学和公共卫生中伦理问题的不同。人权是个人利益和集体利益的共同基础,因此,也可能是临床伦理和公共卫生伦理的共同基础。最后,依据《世界卫生组织关于公共卫生监测中伦理问题的指南》及其他文献列出多种公共卫生伦理标准,试图在实际工作中帮助评估公共卫生监测方案在伦理上的可接受性。

Ethical Principles and Frameworks in Public Health Surveillance

This study conducts a theoretical review of the evolution of surveillance definitions in various periods and relevant ethical debates, then enumerates the main ethical issues arising from public health surveillance and the main ethical principles applied, and reveals the differences in ethical issues prevalent in clinical care and public health. Human rights may thus provide a common ground between individual and collective interests, and also between clinical bioethics and public health ethics. At the end of this paper, a variety of public health ethics frameworks are listed on the basis of World Health Organization Guidelines on Ethical Issues in Public Health Surveillance and other literature, which attempts to help assess the ethical acceptability of public health surveillance programme in practical work.