艾滋病防控中获取患者信息的伦理问题刍议

当前艾滋病获取患者信息中,存在公私观念上的摩擦、相关规定与环节存在疏漏、对信息弱势群体关照不足的伦理难题。问题背后包含着患者为了公共健康的伦理目的却又失去伦理关系的风险,“失德”名声带来的耻感与歧视,遵守政策规范却缺少应有的尊重与保护等矛盾。问题的解决需要在文化背景和利益关系下思量个人身心秩序与社会整体秩序间如何权衡,结合历史、理论与现实维度提出路径。“信”的建立是关键所在,包括公共卫生部门公信力的树立和相应制度措施建设,同时在信息活动中需要给“私”以合理地位,并注重艾滋病治疗相关医学信息的宣传。

Ethical Issues of Patient Information Acquisition in AIDS Prevention and Control

At present,there are some ethical problems in information acquisition of AIDS patients,such as the conception conflicts between public interests and private interests,the omission of relevant regulations and procedures,and the insufficient care for vulnerable groups.Behind the problems lie the risk that patients may lose their ethical relations while fulfilling the ethical purpose of public health,the sense of shame and discrimination brought by the reputation of "immorality",and the lack of due respect and protection for complying with the policies and norms.In order to solve the problems,we need to consider how to balance the individual physical and mental order with the overall social order under the cultural background and interest relations,and put forward the approach combining the historical,theoretical and practical dimensions.The establishment of " trust" is the key,including the establishment of public trust and the construction of corresponding systems and measures in public health departments.At the same time,it is necessary to give "private interests" a reasonable position in information acquisition,and pay attention to the publicity of medical information related to AIDS treatment.