出生缺陷儿的伦理决策探讨

出生缺陷儿的救治决策不仅是新生儿科医生和患儿家长面临的难题,也是无法回避的社会问题。除了医学科学上的可行性外,出生缺陷儿的救治决策是否合乎伦理也十分重要。阐述了出生缺陷儿的处置困境的现实来源和相关伦理学理论,回顾了国内外的相关法律法规及存在的问题,并结合国外经验启示和具体案例,探讨出生缺陷儿的处置决策的主体、原则和方案。同时,针对建立更加全面的社会机制、法律法规提出建议,以供未来的临床实践参考。

Discussion on Ethical Decision-making on Birth Defects Newborns

The clinical decision-making of birth defects is not only a difficult problem faced by doctors of neonatology and parents, but also an unavoidable social problem. In addition to the feasibility of medical science, it is also very important whether the decision of treating newborns with defects is ethical. This paper expounds the practical sources and relevant ethical theories of the plight of the treatment of the birth defects. It reviews the relevant laws and regulations at home and abroad and identifies the existing problems. Based on illustrating foreign experiences and specific cases, it discusses the main body, principles and plans of the decision-making of the treatment of the defective newborns. At the same time, suggestions are put forward to establish a more comprehensive social mechanism, and set up laws and regulations for future clinical practice.