驾驶员在交通场景中的变化视盲及其启示

变化视盲(change blindness)现象,也称变化盲,是指视觉情景中人们不能觉察到某个事物变化的现象。研究以驾驶员为主体探讨了道路交通领域中的变化视盲现象。首先,从场景变化特征和驾驶员特征两个方面综述了影响驾驶员变化视盲的影响因素;其次,结合影响因素与变化视盲的特征理论建立了驾驶员变化检测的认知过程模型;最后,在模型的基础上,讨论了提高驾驶员变化检测能力的实际意义和潜在措施,并对未来有关交通安全变化视盲的研究予以展望。

Change Blindness of Drivers in Traffic Scene and Its Implications

"Change blindness"is a phenomenon that people fail to detect large changes of objects in visual scenes.The current study overviewed the phenomenon of change blindness in traffic scenes.We firstly reviewed specific factors in both scene change and driver characteristics that affected change blindness.Second,we proposed a conceptual model on the cognitive processes(attention,memory,comparison)underlying change blindness based on findings from cognitive psychology.Following the model,we discussed the practical implications to improve drivers’ability to detect changes and insights on future studies regarding change blindness in traffic safety.