新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下普通民众焦虑的影响因素研究

为考察新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下普通民众焦虑情绪的影响因素,采用自陈式问卷,对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控下的1050位普通民众的疫情经历、媒体信息暴露时长及性质、疫情风险感知和焦虑进行调查。结果发现新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控当下民众焦虑情绪的发生率为18.0%,焦虑情绪的发生率在性别、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况和月收入等方面没有显著的差异;疫情经历、媒体信息暴露时长、负面信息暴露和感知疫情的严重性会增加焦虑情绪产生的可能性,正面信息暴露、对疫情熟悉度和可控度的感知可以减少焦虑情绪产生的可能性。这些结果说明了疫情经历、媒体信息暴露时长和性质、疫情风险感知是疫情防控当下民众焦虑出现的重要因素。

Predictive Factors of Public Anxiety under the Outbreak of COVID-19

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and predictors of public anxiety under the outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease(COVID-19).Self-reported questionnaires were used to investigate 1050 people the during COVID-19 outbreak,assessing their COVID-19 epidemic experiences,the time and valence of media exposure to COVID-19-related information,risk perception of this disease,and anxiety.The results found that the prevalence of public anxiety reached 18.0%,and the prevalence had no significant differences in gender,age,educational level,marital status,or monthly income.In addition,this study found that the more experiences of COVID-19-related events,the longer media exposure time of COVID-19-related information,especially negative information,and the severer perception of COVID-19,the greater probability of anxiety people had.In contrast,exposure to positive information about COVID-19,familiarity with COVID-19,and perception of COVID-19 as controllable were helpful to reduce the probability of anxiety.These findings indicate that COVID-19 epidemic experiences,the time and valence of media exposure to COVID-19-related information,and risk perception of this disease are important predictors of public anxiety.