西方经典瘟疫小说中的疾病隐喻与伦理抉择——以《瘟疫年纪事》《鼠疫》《失明症漫记》为解读对象

西方经典瘟疫小说展示了特定历史阶段人类的社会生活状况及面对瘟疫时的精神生活影像,以三部小说为解读对象,剖析人们赋予"瘟疫"的特殊隐喻意义——神灵的责罚、社会心理与人际关系的绝望断裂、军事政治的迫害等,"瘟疫"已不限于疾病本身,而是上升为一种文化现象。另外,瘟疫小说的核心内容是展现人类在重大灾难面前的伦理冲突与选择,通过阅读,可以对"利他与利己""管制与自由""等级与平等""全能救助与全民救助"等伦理抉择问题有更深入的认识。

The Disease Metaphor and Ethical Choice in Classic Western Plague Novels:Taking A Journal of the Plague Year,The Plague,and Blindness as the Object of Interpretation

The classic western plague novels show the social living conditions and the images of spiritual life of human beings in a specific historical stage.This paper takes three novels as the interpretation object,and analyzes the special metaphorical meaning of "plague".Such as the punishment of the gods,the despair of social psychology,the breakdown of relationships,the martial and political persecution,etc.The "plague" is no longer just a disease,but a cultural phenomenon.In addition,plague novels always show the human ethical conflict and choice in front of the disaster.By reading these novels,we can have a deeper understanding about some issues,such as "altruism vs.self-interest", "regulation vs.freedom", "hierarchy vs.equality", "omnipotent relief vs.universal relief",etc.