中医典籍中文化负载词的识别及翻译策略刍议

中医深植于中国传统文化中,英译过程存在大量文化对应空缺现象,因而中医典籍中文化负载词的翻译成为中医典籍外译的关键步骤和难点。提出了中医文化负载词的识别步骤和选词标准,进而提出中医典籍文化负载词的翻译策略。在中医文化负载词的识别步骤基础上,对中医典籍文化负载词的翻译策略进行了总结:中医药基本名词术语的文化负载词采用直译法;中国物质文化独有词语的负载词采用音译或音译加注;古汉语独有的文化负载词采用省译或意译。目的是通过中医典籍文化负载词的界定和提出的翻译策略推动中医典籍对外传播。

Discussion on the Identification and Translation Strategy of Culture-loaded Words in Chinese Medical Classics

Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) is deeply rooted in Chinese traditional culture, and there are a lot of cultural gaps in the process of English translation. Therefore, the translation of culture-loaded words in Chinese Medical classics(CM classics) has become the key issue in the translation of CM classics. This paper proposes the identification steps and selection criteria of culture-loaded words in CM classics, and then summarizes the translation strategies. Most of the culture-loaded words of the basic TCM terms adopt literal translation; most of the culture-loaded words of the unique words of Chinese material culture adopt transliteration or transliteration with notes; most of the culture-loaded words of the unique ancient Chinese language phenomenon adopt omission or free translation. By improving the translation of TCM culture-loaded words, this paper aims to make western readers understand more easily about the CM classics and further promote the dissemination of CM classics.