Culture,Burnout, and Engagement: A Meta-Analysis on National Cultural Values as Moderators in JD-R Theory |
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Authors: | Lucy T.B. Rattrie Markus G. Kittler Karsten I. Paul |
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Affiliation: | 1. University of Stirling, Scotland;2. Management Center Innsbruck, Austria;3. Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany |
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Abstract: | Despite prominence and increasing application of the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory across national contexts, the role of culture has not yet been systematically explored. We conducted a meta-analysis of 132 independent samples from 120 studies across 5 global regions (total N = 101,073) to fill this void. Our paper responds to long-standing concerns around neglecting differences in the relationships of workplace factors with burnout and engagement across national cultures by testing for a moderating role within JD-R theory. Results suggest strong support for the direct job demands-burnout and job resources-engagement pathways. Regarding the role of culture, our study reveals moderating roles for five out of six cultural dimensions using Hofstede’s framework. Interestingly, these cultural dimensions present a moderating impact towards relationships with either job demands or job resources, yet not both. Our findings offer a valuable starting point for further theoretical developments that can impact international business and global mobility. While these insights suggest a role of national cultural context in JD-R studies, sensitivity analyses showed that the findings were only partly stable. |
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