整数构成对分数加工的影响

本研究通过两个实验考察了整数构成对分数加工的影响。实验一重复了Bonato等(2007)的研究,要求25名被试比较1/5与1/1、1/2、1/3、1/4、1/6、1/7、1/8、1/9等分数的大小,结果发现被试采用了成分加工策略,即通过比较分母判断分数的大小。实验二改变了分数的整数构成,让24名被试比较1/5与1/1、2/4、3/9、4/16、4/24、3/21、2/16、1/9等分数的大小。这些分数与实验一中的分数实数值相等但整数构成不同。结果表明被试既采取了成分策略,又采取了整体策略,即比较分数的实数值,不过成分策略比整体策略的作用更大。这些结果表明,分数加工具有成分和整体两种策略,具体使用哪种策略与分数的整数构成密切相关。

The influence of constituent integers on the processing of fractions

This study was aimed to explore whether the constituent integers had important influence on the processing of fractions by two experiments.In the experiment 1 which repeated the study by Bonato et al.(2007),25 subjects was asked to compare 1/1,1/2,1/3,1/4,1/6,1/7,1/8,1/9 to the reference 1/5.The results showed that participants employed the componential strategy that was based on the comparisons of fractions’ denominators.In the experiment 2,the reference 1/5 was asked to be compared with 1/1,2/4,3/9,4/16,4/24,3/21,2/16,1/9 with different integer constituents from those in the experiment 1 but with the same real values.This experiment was administered 24 subjects and the results indicated the use of both the componential strategy and holistic strategy which was based on the comparisons of fractions’ real values,but the componential strategy was primarily used as compared to the holistic strategy.Taken together,the results reflected that the representation of fractions was dependent on their constituent integers.