中学生与大学生地震亲历者对威胁性刺激记忆偏向的比较研究

运用事件相关电位(ERPs)技术,采用学习-再认实验任务,考察了不同年龄阶段的地震亲历者(13个大学生、13个中学生)对威胁性刺激(地震相关图片)再认时记忆偏向的差异。结果表明:(1)在额叶-中央区,中学生经历组在旧的地震图片上P300成分的潜伏期显著短于大学生经历组;在顶叶-枕叶,中学生经历组在旧的地震图片上的P300峰值和LPC波幅显著大于大学生经历组。(2)对于经历组,地震图片均比中性图片对经历组诱发了更大的P300和LPC波幅。表明地震图片对中学生经历组的效应比对大学生经历组更大,地震经历组对地震相关图片有记忆偏向。

A Comparative Study of Earthquake-Exposed Middle School and Undergraduate Students on Memory Bias to Threatening Stimuli

Different age groups of earthquake-exposed survivors (13 undergraduates and 13 middle school students) were investigated in a study-test paradigm using event-related potentials (ERPs). The results showed that: (1) the earthquake-exposed middle school students group had significantly shorter P300 latencies than undergraduates group elicited by old earthquake-related stimuli on frontal-central sites, and higher P300 and LPC amplitude on parietal-occipital sites. (2) The earthquake-related stimuli elicited larger amplitudes than neutral stimuli in P300 and LPC components for two earthquake-exposed groups. It indicated that the earthquake-related stimuli had more effects on the earthquake-exposed middle school students than earthquake-exposed undergraduate, and earthquake-exposed group had memory bias to earthquake-related stimuli.