样例多样性和流畅性信念对类别学习判断的影响

目的:通过三个实验考查样例特征、流畅性和信念对类别学习及其元认知判断的影响。方法:实验1采用2(样例特征)×2(测试类型)的组内设计以检验样例特征的作用; 实验2采用2(样例特征)×2(测试类型)×2(流畅性)的组内设计以检验流畅性的作用; 实验3采用2(样例特征)×2(测试类型)×2(流畅性信念)的混合设计以检验信念对类别学习判断的作用。结果表明:样例特征影响学习成绩、类别学习判断和流畅感; 流畅性不会影响类别学习判断; 原理解释能够有效建立“关于流畅性的信念”,且“关于流畅性的信念”对类别学习判断起作用。即样例多样性和流畅性信念对类别学习判断起作用,支持信念假说。

The Impact of Exemplar Variability and Fluency Belief on Category Learning Judgment

The effects of sample characteristics,fluency and beliefs on category learning and metacognitive judgments were examined through three experiments,.Experiment 1 uses a 2(sample feature)× 2(test type)in-group design to test the effect of sample features; In experiment 2,a 2(sample feature)× 2(test type)× 2(fluency)in-group design is used to test the effect of fluency; Experiment 3 uses a mixed design of 2(sample characteristics)× 2(test type)× 2(fluency belief)to test the effect of belief on category learning judgment.The results showed that the sample characteristics affected learning performance,category learning judgment and fluency.Fluency does not affect category learning judgment; Principle explanations can effectively establish “beliefs about fluency”,and “beliefs about fluency” play a role in category learning judgments.That is,sample diversity and fluency beliefs play a role in category learning judgments and support the belief hypothesis.