父母教养与MAOA基因rs6323多态性对学前儿童外化问题的共同作用

采用G×E交互作用的研究范式，以295名学前儿童（M=4.49）和其母亲、父亲作为研究对象，探讨母亲和父亲的教养方式与MAOA基因rs6323多态性对学前儿童外化问题行为的影响。结果发现：母亲、父亲教养方式和MAOA基因多态性对学前儿童外化问题行为的影响存在性别差异，预测男孩外化问题行为时，母亲和父亲教养方式的主效应显著，与MAOA基因多态性的交互作用不显著；在预测女孩外化问题行为时，父亲教养方式的主效应显著，母亲教养方式与MAOA基因多态性的交互作用显著，显著性区域分析发现，携带T等位基因的女孩更容易受到母亲消极教养的不利影响而产生更多外化问题行为，也更容易受到其积极教养的有利影响而减少外化问题行为，这一结果支持差别易感性理论模型。

The Co-effect of Parental Negative Parenting Style and MAOA rs6323 Polymorphism on Externalizing Problem Behaviors of Preschool Children

This study adopted the gene-environment interaction design to investigate the effect of the MAOA rs6323 gene polymorphism and parenting patterns of mother and father on the preschool children's externalizing behaviors, and to explore whether the gene-environment interaction can be moderated by gender among 295 preschool children (M=4.49). The main results were as follows: There were significant gender differences in the relations between parenting patterns and preschoolers' externalizing problem behaviors. Specifically, the main effects of parenting styles of mothers and fathers were significant when predicting the behavior of boys' externalization problems behaviors,but the interaction was not significant. In predicting girls' externalizing problem behaviors, the main effect of father's parenting style was significant, and the interaction between mother's parenting style and the rs6323 polymorphism of MAOA gene was also significant. Further significant regional analysis found that girls with T allele were more likely to suffer from the adverse effects of their mothers' negative parenting, resulting in more externalizing problem behaviors, Additionally, there were also more likely to be affected by positive parenting and had less externalize problem behaviors. This result supports the theoretical model of differential susceptibility.