父母严厉管教与儿童问题行为的关系:儿童自我控制的中介作用

为探讨父母严厉管教、儿童自我控制与儿童问题行为间的关系，采用中文版亲子冲突解决策略量表、社会技能评定量表和儿童行为核查量表对济南市两所公立学校的1097名小学四到六年级儿童及其父母双亲进行测查。结果发现：（1）父母心理攻击和体罚与儿童自我控制均呈显著负相关，与儿童内化和外化问题行为均呈显著正相关，儿童自我控制与其内化和外化问题行为均呈显著负相关；（2）父亲心理攻击可以显著正向预测儿童内化和外化问题行为，母亲体罚可以显著正向预测儿童外化问题行为；（3）儿童自我控制在父亲心理攻击和母亲体罚与儿童内外化问题行为之间起中介作用，在母亲心理攻击和父亲体罚与儿童内外化问题行为关系间的中介作用不显著，中介作用模型不存在显著的儿童性别差异。综上，本研究发现父母严厉管教不仅直接影响儿童的内外化问题行为，而且会通过降低儿童自我控制水平间接导致儿童问题行为的增多。

Parental Harsh Discipline and Child Problem Behaviors: The Mediating Effect of Child Self-control

To explore the mediating role of child self-control in the relations between parental harsh discipline and child problem behaviors, a sample of 1097 children and their parents from two public elementary school in Jinan completed the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales, Social Skills Rating System, and Child Behavior Checklist. The results showed that: (1) Paternal and maternal harsh discipline (psychological aggression and corporal punishment) were negatively correlated with child self-control, and were positively correlated with child internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Child self-control was negatively correlated with child internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors; (2) Paternal psychological aggression significantly and positively predicted child internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Maternal corporal punishment significantly and positively predicted child externalizing problem behaviors; (3) Child self-control mediated the relations between paternal psychological aggression/maternal corporal punishment and child internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. There were no significant child gender differences in the mediating effects. These findings indicated that parental harsh discipline has direct effect on child internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors and indirect effect through child self-control.