高级技工诊断生产活动的认知策略的汇编栅格法研究

本研究采用汇编栅格法探讨了高级技工(专家)诊断人机系统生产活动的认知策略,结果表明:第一,在高级技工的认知结构中,存在着对多因素交互作用下复杂情况进行诊断的认知地图,它以特定方式组合着常见的问题类型和原因特征,是制约技工复杂技能教学成效的关键要素。第二,汇编栅格法是对人机系统中专家的认知结构进行功能模拟的一种有效方法,它不仅在揭示未知的高级技工认知结构时,以其直观的投射方式提供专家启发式策略的新信息,而且在培训和评估复杂技能方面具有可观的应用前景。

A REPERTORY GRID METHOD STUDY ON COGNITIVE TACTICS OF SENIOR TECHNICIANS

In this study the cognitive tactics of senior technicians in man-machine system was proposed using repertory grid method. It wasfound that: 1) In the cognitive structures of sinior technicians thereare cognitive maps which can diagnose the complex factors, andthe cognitive maps made up of breakdowns and cause characteristicswith specially designated patterns. They are crucial effects inthe training of complex skill. 2) The repertory grid, method is aneffective method in functional simulation of experts' cognitivestructures. This method not only gives new information on theexperts'heuristic tactics with its objective projection, exploring theunknown cognitive structures, but also has impressive applied pros-pects in the training and assessment of complex skill.