焦虑和抑郁对正负性注意偏向的影响：注意控制的中介作用

采用状态-特质焦虑量表、流调抑郁量表、注意控制量表和正负性信息注意量表，对481名在校大学生进行调查研究，考察了焦虑、抑郁对注意偏向的影响，并探讨了注意控制在其中的中介作用。研究发现：（1）正性注意偏向与注意控制呈正相关，与状态焦虑、特质焦虑和流调抑郁呈负相关；负性注意偏向与注意控制呈负相关，与状态焦虑、特质焦虑和流调抑郁呈正相关。（2）特质焦虑、注意集中、注意转移可显著预测正性注意偏向，状态焦虑、流调抑郁和注意集中则显著预测负性注意偏向。（3）注意转移和注意集中中介了状态焦虑、特质焦虑、流调抑郁和正、负性注意偏向间的关系。研究提示注意控制是一个重要的保护性因素，可缓解或消除焦虑和抑郁对注意偏向的负面影响。

Effects of Anxiety and Depression on Attentional Bias: The Mediating Role of Attentional Control

Self-report measures of state anxiety (STAI_S), trait anxiety (STAI_T), depression, attentional control, attention to positive information (API), and attention to negative information (ANI) were conducted among 481 Chinese undergraduate students to investigate the impacts of anxiety and depression on attentional bias and the mediating role of attention control. It was found that API was positively correlated with attention control, and negatively correlated with state anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression. ANI was negatively correlated with attention control, and positively related to state anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression. API was significantly predicted by trait anxiety, attention focusing, and attention shifting, while ANI was significantly predicted by state anxiety, depression, and attention focusing. Furthermore, attention shifting and attention focusing mediated the relationships between state anxiety, trait anxiety, depression with API and ANI. The results demonstrated that attentional control may serve as a protective factor for alleviating or eliminating the negative impacts of anxiety and depression on attentional biases.