性别和情境危险程度对行人危险知觉的影响：来自ERP的证据

采用事件相关电位技术，探讨性别和情境危险程度对行人危险知觉的影响。实验采用三类真实交通情境图片作为材料，包括无危险情境图片、低度危险情境图片和高度危险情境图片。结果发现：低度危险情境条件下，女性的N1潜伏期更短；在N1波幅上，高度危险情境大于无危险情境或低度危险情境；在P3波幅上，男性大于女性，低度危险情境大于无危险情境或高度危险情境。说明早期视觉加工阶段，女性对低度危险情境更敏感；男性比女性给予交通情境更多的注意；情境危险程度能够调节危险知觉过程中的注意分配。

Effects of Gender and Situational Hazard Level on Pedestrian Hazard Perception: Evidence from ERP

The effect of gender and situational hazardous level on pedestrian hazard perception was investigated using event-related potential (ERP) technique. Images of three types of real traffic situations were used as test materials, including non-hazard situation, low-hazard situation, and high-hazard situation. The results showed that the female N1 latency was shorter than male in the low-hazard situation; the N1 amplitude was larger in the high-hazard situation than in non-hazard or low-hazard situation; the male P3 amplitude was larger than female, and the P3 amplitude was larger in low-hazard situations than in non-hazard or high-hazard situation. The results indicates that females are more sensitive to the low-hazard situation at the early visual processing stage; the male have a processing advantage at the attention distribution stage; situational hazardous level can regulate attention allocation in the processing of hazard perception.