Extinction of an avoidance response motivated by intense fear: social facilitation of the action of response prevention (flooding) in rats |
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| Authors: | M Baum |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Molecular Medicine Group, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;2. Department of Basic Sciences, Isfahan Payame Noor University, Isfahan, Iran;3. Division of Applied Medicine, Medical School, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;4. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran;5. Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;6. UMR INSERM U 1122, IGE-PCV “Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie CardioVasculaire”, Université de Lorraine, Nancy F-54000, France;7. Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;8. Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK;9. Department of Biochemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran;10. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;1. Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at the Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran;2. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Molecular Systems Biology at the Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran;4. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical Research Center, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Regenerative Biomedicine at the Cell Science Research, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Rats were trained to avoid intense electric shock and following learning were given a response-prevention (flooding) treatment. (Response prevention consisted of thwarting the avoidance response while forcing S to remain in the presence of the feared stimulus.) The results confirmed that a brief period of response prevention which has been found effective in hastening the extinction of an avoidance response learned under mild shock motivation was not effective when intense shock was employed. The presence in the apparatus of other, non-fearful rats along with the experimental S during response prevention increased the efficacy of response prevention in producing extinction (“social facilitation” effect). Long periods of response prevention with or without social facilitation were also highly effective in eliminating the avoidance response motivated by intense fear. The results supported the view that the occurrence of non-fear behaviour during response prevention was necessary for the treatment to be effective in hastening the extinction of the avoidance response. |
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