适应性测验的发展:历史与现状

适应性测验作为一种测验形式,与传统的纸笔测验形式相比,具有省时、高效等很多优越性。测验应该适合于被试的理念最初可见于比内的智力测验。上世纪七十年代以来,适应性测验的研究从经典测量理论阶段发展到项目反应理论阶段,经历了从二阶段、三阶段、多阶段测验、固定分支测验和分层适应性测验的发展,到现在的计算机化适应性测验研究。随着项目反应理论和计算机技术的发展,计算机化适应性测验已经在教育和心理测验领域中得到广泛应用。目前对它的研究日益深入,主要有项目克隆、项目曝光、多维适应性测验、被试诊断、人格适应性测验等问题。

The Development of Adaptive Tests

Comparing with traditional paper-and-pencil tests,adaptive tests have many advantages,such as saving time,highly efficient,etc.The idea that the tests should adaptive examinee firstly came forth in the Binet Intelligence test.Since the early 1970s,the development of adaptive tests has been divided into two phrases from Classical Test Theory to Item Response Theory.And the research of adaptive tests has gone through from two-stage,three-stage,multi-stage,fixed-branching and stratified adaptive tests to computerized adaptive tests.With the development of Item Response Theory and the computer technology,adaptive tests are used more and more widely in the areas of educational measurement and psychological measurement.In the recent years,the emphasis of research in adaptive tests are on the directions of item cloning,item exposure,multi-dimensional computerized adaptive testing,diagnosis on examinees,personality computerized adaptive test,etc.