Using implicit attitudes of exercise importance to predict explicit exercise dependence symptoms and exercise behaviors |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia;2. Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece;3. Department of Physical Education, University of Memphis, USA;1. Sport and Exercise Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany;2. Biological Psychology and Affective Science, University of Potsdam, Germany;1. The Exercise and Health Psychology Laboratory, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada;2. Clinical Trials Research Unit, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand;1. School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK;2. School of Psychology & Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia;3. Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;1. Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria;2. Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology Unit, University of Graz, Austria |
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| Abstract: | Objectives“Fast” (i.e., implicit) processing is relatively automatic; “slow” (i.e., explicit) processing is relatively controlled and can override automatic processing. These different processing types often produce different responses that uniquely predict behaviors. In the present study, we tested if explicit, self-reported symptoms of exercise dependence and an implicit association of exercise as important predicted exercise behaviors and change in problematic exercise attitudes.DesignWe assessed implicit attitudes of exercise importance and self-reported symptoms of exercise dependence at Time 1. Participants reported daily exercise behaviors for approximately one month, and then completed a Time 2 assessment of self-reported exercise dependence symptoms.MethodUndergraduate males and females (Time 1, N = 93; Time 2, N = 74) tracked daily exercise behaviors for one month and completed an Implicit Association Test assessing implicit exercise importance and subscales of the Exercise Dependence Questionnaire (EDQ) assessing exercise dependence symptoms.ResultsImplicit attitudes of exercise importance and Time 1 EDQ scores predicted Time 2 EDQ scores. Further, implicit exercise importance and Time 1 EDQ scores predicted daily exercise intensity while Time 1 EDQ scores predicted the amount of days exercised.ConclusionImplicit and explicit processing appear to uniquely predict exercise behaviors and attitudes. Given that different implicit and explicit processes may drive certain exercise factors (e.g., intensity and frequency, respectively), these behaviors may contribute to different aspects of exercise dependence. |
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| Keywords: | Exercise Exercise dependence Implicit association test |
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