Construct validity of the pictorial scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, Australia;2. Iowa State University, Department of Kinesiology, Ames, IA, USA;3. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, Australia;4. Biostatistics, Pro Vice Chancellors Office, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, Australia;5. School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;1. Laboratory of Motor Behavior, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal;2. Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal;3. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Portugal;4. Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Portugal;5. CIDESD, Portugal;6. Laboratory of Motor Behavior, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal;1. Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia;2. School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Australia;3. Department of Special Educational Needs, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands;4. Epidemiologist, Alberta Perinatal Health Program, Calgary, Canada;1. School of Education, University of Stratchclyde, 16 Richmond St, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK;2. Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;1. Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;2. School of Education, The University of Newcastle, Australia;3. Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Australia;1. Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, UK;2. Physical Activity Exchange, Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, UK;3. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research (C-PAN), Deakin University, Australia;4. Early Childhood Ireland, Ireland;5. Applied Sports Technology Exercise and Medicine Research Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University, UK;1. Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium;2. Department of Movement and Sports Training, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium;3. Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Belgium;4. Department of Human Sciences, Kinesiology Division, The Ohio State University, USA;5. School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThe Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC) assesses young children's perceptions of movement skill competence: 12 perceived Fundamental Movement skills (FMS; based on the Test of Gross Motor Development 2nd edition TGMD-2) and six Active Play activities (e.g. cycling). The main study purpose was to assess whether children's movement perception scores fit within the imposed constructs of Active Play and FMS by testing the latent structure and construct validity of the PMSC.DesignConstruct validation study.MethodsParticipants were part of the Melbourne Infant Feeding, Activity and Nutrition Trial (InFANT). The latent structure of the PMSC responses was tested through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling (BSEM). Internal consistency was conducted using polychoric correlation-based alphas.ResultsThe 303 children (boys 53.1%, n = 161) were aged 4–5 years (M = 4.7, SD = 0.46). The final model had an 18 item 3-factor solution with good fit indices (using CFA and BSEM). Factors were: Active Play (Bike, Board Paddle, Climb, Skate/Blade, Scooter, and Swim), Object Control – Hand Skills (Bounce, Catch, Hit, Throw), and FMS skills with a leg action (Gallop, Hop, Jump, Leap, Run, Step Slide, Kick, Roll). Alpha reliability values were: Active Play (0.78), Object Control-Hand Skills (0.76) and FMS-Dynamic Leg (0.84).ConclusionYoung children can distinguish between movement perceptions. The factors reflect the hypothesized structure in terms of FMS being distinguished from Active Play. Further research should investigate how and if these constructs change in children over time. |
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| Keywords: | Child Movement skill Object control Locomotor Play Motor perceptions |
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