Viewing exercise goal content through a person-oriented lens: A self-determination perspective |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;3. Research on Welfare, Health and Sport, Halmstad University, Sweden;4. Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Science, University of Bristol, UK;5. Department for Health, University of Bath, UK;1. Complex Systems in Sport Research Group, INEFC Barcelona University, Avda. De l’Estadi, 12-22, 08038 Barcelona, Spain;2. EUSES, University of Girona, Carrer de Francesc Macia, 65, 17190 Salt, Spain;3. West Chester University, 700 S. High St, West Chester, PA 19382, USA;4. Univ. St. Cyril and Methodius, Zeleznicka BB, 1000 Skopje, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia;5. Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;1. Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA;2. Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA;1. Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Germany;2. Institute of Sports and Sports Science, University of Kassel, Germany;1. Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Canada;2. School of Kinesiology at Lakehead University, Canada;1. Fort Lewis College, USA;2. University of Kansas, USA;1. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands;2. Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | The present study examined profiles of exercise goal content and the associations with need satisfaction, motivation regulation and exercise behavior, combining variable-centered and person-centered analytical approaches. The participants were 1084 (279 men and 805 women) Swedish adults, aged between 18 and 78 years, that were all active members of an Internet-based exercise program. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to analyze the data. In SEM analysis intrinsic goals were related to need satisfaction and autonomous motivation, whereas extrinsic goals were most strongly associated with controlled motivation. LPA revealed five unique latent classes of goal content. These five classes differed in need satisfaction, motivation regulation and exercise behavior, with classes being characterized by more intrinsic goal profiles reporting higher need satisfaction and autonomous motivation. The results are discussed from a self-determination theory perspective and the benefits of using both variable and person-centered analytical approaches are highlighted. |
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| Keywords: | Goal content Exercise Latent profiles Need satisfaction Self-determination |
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