Focusing attention on circular pedaling reduces movement economy in cycling |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Canada L8S 2K1;2. McMaster Integrative Neuroscience Discovery & Study (MiNDS), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont., Canada L8S 2K1;1. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Saint Louis Community College-Meramec, USA;2. Department of Educator Preparation, Innovation and Research, University of Missouri-St. Louis, USA;1. Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA;2. Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA;1. Department of Sport, Health, and Exercise Science, University of Hull, United Kingdom;2. Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, United Kingdom;3. School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Australia;1. Department of Educator Preparation, Innovation and Research, University of Missouri, St. Louis, United States;2. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Saint Louis Community College-Meramec, United States |
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| Abstract: | Previous research has shown that focus of attention affects movement economy in endurance tasks. This experimental study was designed to take a closer look at how focusing attention on special characteristics of endurance cycling actions can influence metabolic energy costs. Twenty-five trained cyclists completed 4 × 6 min time trials at submaximal intensity on a cycling ergometer. For each of the four time trials, they were instructed to adopt a different focus of attention: (1) circular pedaling, (2) force production of quad muscles, (3) head position, (4) stimuli in a cycling video. The order of conditions was counterbalanced. The main dependent measure was movement economy (i.e., oxygen consumption at a given workload). The results show that a focus on the circular pedaling action leads to reduced economy than a focus on the video (p = 0.001). Focusing on smooth and circular pedaling includes a continuous monitoring of the cycling action, which could disturb the rhythmical nature of movement execution, thereby leading to detriments in movement economy. |
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| Keywords: | Optimal attentional focus Endurance activities Oxygen consumption |
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