The effects of different exercise types on visuospatial attention in the elderly |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Physical Education, Health and Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan;2. Department of Physical Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan;3. Department of Recreational Sport and Health Promotion, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan;4. School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, USA;1. Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany;2. Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany;3. Centre for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Nachtigallenweg 86, D-53127 Bonn, Germany;4. University Mental Health Research Institute, 2, Soranou tou Efesiou Str., GR-115 27, Athens, Greece;1. Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States;2. Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Psychology, Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States |
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| Abstract: | While the capability of visuospatial attention decreases with advanced aging, exercise is an effective primary prevention strategy to ward off the progression of such cognitive declines among the elderly. However, no studies have yet been conducted on the relationship between exercise type and visuospatial attention in the elderly. This study was thus carried out to explore the effects of open- and closed-skill exercise modes on visuospatial attention in the elderly using behavioral and cognitive electrophysiological measurements. Sixty elderly participants were divided into open-skill (n = 20), closed-skill (n = 20), or control (n = 20) groups according to their exercise-participation experience in the previous 24 months, and performed a visuospatial attention task with concomitant electrophysiological recording. The results showed that the two exercise groups (i.e., open- and closed-skill) exhibited shorter reaction times (RTs) and larger P3 amplitudes across conditions compared with the control group. Although the open- and closed-skill groups only showed approaching between-group significance on the RTs in the invalid condition and on the P3 amplitudes across conditions, only the open-skill group showed better inhibitory control of attention relative to the control group. These findings reveal the presence of neurocognitive effects on the visuospatial attention task in the two exercise groups, with significantly better performances in the open-skill group, demonstrating that regularly participating in such an exercise mode, as compared to the closed-skill one, could have more beneficial effects on visuospatial attention. |
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| Keywords: | Exercise type Cognition Aging Attention Posner paradigm |
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