Self-efficacy's influence on persistence on a physical task: Moderating effect of performance feedback ambiguity |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria;2. Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology Unit, University of Graz, Austria;1. Department of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia;2. Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece;3. Department of Physical Education, University of Memphis, USA;1. School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, Australia;2. Iowa State University, Department of Kinesiology, Ames, IA, USA;3. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, Australia;4. Biostatistics, Pro Vice Chancellors Office, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, VIC, Australia;5. School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA;1. The Exercise and Health Psychology Laboratory, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada;2. Clinical Trials Research Unit, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThe present investigation was designed to test the predictions of a control theory based view of self-regulation on the complex effects of self-efficacy on persistence. Specifically, self-efficacy was predicted to have a positive effect on persistence given unambiguous feedback, but a weak, negative effect given ambiguous feedback. Moreover, the research was designed to replicate an influential set of studies on self-efficacy.DesignA 2 (self-efficacy: low, high) × 2 (feedback ambiguity: low, high) between-groups ANOVA was conducted to examine the interaction between self-efficacy and feedback ambiguity in two trials of an isometric hand-grip competitive endurance task.MethodParticipants (87 females and 67 males) competed on a hand-grip strength task against confederates who claimed to have overworked their hand (high manipulated self-efficacy) or to be tennis players (low manipulated self-efficacy). The competition occurred either in the presence (high feedback ambiguity) or absence (low feedback ambiguity) of a physical barrier between the individuals. Persistence was how long individuals could grip at 50% of their maximum voluntary contraction.ResultsThe interaction was significant and in the predicted direction. Self-efficacy was also found to negatively relate to self-reported effort regardless of condition.ConclusionsThe results from the current study confirm that self-efficacy can foster persistence when one is aware of one's current state of performance. However, consistent with a control theory view of self-regulation, self-efficacy was unrelated to persistence when feedback was ambiguous. The results have implications for understanding the role of self-efficacy in sports and highlight the importance of replications with extensions. |
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| Keywords: | Motivation Goals Effort Self-regulation Sport psychology |
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