Initial validation of the coach-created Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire (EDMCQ-C) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK;2. School of Psychology & Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia;3. Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;1. Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality & Social Psychology, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Hacettepe University, Department of Psychology, 06800 Beytepe Campus, Ankara, Turkey;3. KU Leuven, Department of Kinesiology, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;4. Ghent University, Department of Movement and Sport Science, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;1. Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Greece;2. Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark;3. Department of Medical and Sport Sciences, University of Cumbria, United Kingdom;1. Ghent University, Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Watersportlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;2. Ghent University, Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Henri-Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;1. Georgia Southern University, USA;2. Comprehensive Soldier and Family Fitness, USA;3. Université Grenoble Alpes, France |
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| Abstract: | This article employs Duda's (2013) hierarchical conceptualization of the coach-created motivational climate to inform the validation of a questionnaire (Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire-Coach; EDMCQ-C) that assesses junior athletes' perceptions of the social environmental dimensions proposed by achievement goal theory and self-determination theory. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were initially employed to reduce the number of items required to measure the targeted climate dimensions. A series of competing models were then tested to determine the best representation of the questionnaire's factor structure. The findings revealed that exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) provided a better fit of the data to the hypothesised model than CFA solutions. Specifically, the bi-factor ESEM provided the best fit, although parameter estimates suggest that none of the ESEM solutions replicated the underlying theoretical model of the motivational climate proposed by Duda (2013). The evidence from this study suggests that the EDMCQ-C is a promising, parsimonious questionnaire to assess empowering and disempowering facets of the motivational climate albeit the development of the questionnaire remains a work in progress. |
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| Keywords: | Achievement goal theory Self-determination theory Sport Youth ESEM Bi-factor |
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