Higher chronic psychological stress is associated with blunted affective responses to strenuous resistance exercise: RPE,pleasure, pain |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, Box D3700, Austin, TX 78701, USA;2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, State University of New York at Albany, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA;3. Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Teachers College, Columbia University, 525 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA;4. Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, CT 06519, USA;5. Yale Stress Center, Yale School of Medicine, 2 Church Street South, Suite 209, New Haven, CT 06519, USA;1. Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;2. Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis 63104, USA;3. School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St Louis 63104, USA;4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY 12144-3445, USA;5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China;1. Department of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia;2. Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece;3. Department of Physical Education, University of Memphis, USA;1. Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, China;2. School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China;3. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA;1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;2. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;3. Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/The Miriam Hospital, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Providence, RI, USA;4. Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA;5. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;1. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States;2. School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China;3. School of Journalism, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;1. Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States;2. Center for the Intrepid, Brook Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, United States;3. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to determine whether mental stress moderates perceptions of muscular pain, exertion, pleasure and arousal during a bout of strenuous resistance exercise. Two hundred and ten undergraduate students recruited from resistance exercise classes were screened with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Fifty-seven individuals (age = 20.1 ± 1.2 y) were invited to complete the Undergraduate Stress Questionnaire (USQ), a measure of life event stress, and fitness testing. They later performed a two-phase, acute heavy-resistance exercise protocol: first phase: 10-repetition maximum (RM) leg press test; second phase: six sets at 80–100% of 10-RM. During exercise, participants responded to the Feeling Scale (pleasure), Felt Arousal Scale, Omni-RPE and the Pain Intensity Scale. Affective responses and heart rate were analyzed with a hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) growth curve analysis. USQ moderated the trajectories of affective responses and heart rate during exercise. Higher stress (USQ) levels were significantly related to lower rise in RPE (time2, p = .002; time3, p < .001) and heart rate (time2, p < .001; time3, p < .001). USQ had a main effect on pleasure and arousal (p values < .001), in which higher levels of stress were related to less affect. Models using the PSS scale produced similar results. PSS, but not USQ, interacted with time to predict pain (time2, p = .048; time3, p = .024). Relationships held even after adjusting for covariates, such as depression. Future research should determine if differential responses to exercise by stress have implications for behavioral interventions and mental health outcomes. |
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| Keywords: | Body composition Chronic stress Rating of perceived exertion Coping Physical activity |
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