Surviving the 2015 Mount Everest disaster: A phenomenological exploration into lived experience and the role of mental toughness |
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| Institution: | 1. Early Start Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia;2. School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, UK;1. Complex Systems in Sport Research Group, INEFC Barcelona University, Avda. De l’Estadi, 12-22, 08038 Barcelona, Spain;2. EUSES, University of Girona, Carrer de Francesc Macia, 65, 17190 Salt, Spain;3. West Chester University, 700 S. High St, West Chester, PA 19382, USA;4. Univ. St. Cyril and Methodius, Zeleznicka BB, 1000 Skopje, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia;5. Florida State University, 600 W. College Avenue, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;1. Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, Australia;2. Cyberpsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Canada;3. Western Sydney University, Australia;4. Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Inst Movement Sci, Marseille, France;1. Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA;2. Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA;1. University of South Wales, Alfred Russel Wallace Building, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK;2. School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 2PZ, UK;1. School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, UK;2. Early Start Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia;1. Fort Lewis College, USA;2. University of Kansas, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesThe 2015 Nepal earthquake and subsequent avalanche at Mount Everest Base Camp is the deadliest mountaineering disaster to date. This study is novel in exploring the lived experiences of survivors and the role of mental toughness in their psychological responses to the disaster.DesignPhenomenological study.MethodTen mountaineers, who were on expeditions during the earthquake, participated in phenomenological interviews. Data were analysed inductively and thematically, while strategies to enhance trustworthiness were also employed.ResultsSeven dimensions emerged from the data, which captured climbers' psychological responses to the disaster, ranging from the moments the earthquake hit to reflections on the disaster after returning home. Contrasting emotional responses were described, and suggested to depend on experience and mental toughness. Negative emotional and behavioural responses were reported in the aftermath. Some climbers reported post-traumatic stress, but also a strong desire to return to Mount Everest and continue mountaineering.ConclusionsThese findings provide detailed insights into the lived experiences of climbers who survived the 2015 Nepal earthquake and Base Camp avalanche. Findings also shed light on the role of mental toughness in coping with and responding to a major natural disaster. |
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| Keywords: | Climbing Coping Emotion Extreme environments Mental health Natural disaster |
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