Internet-based vs. face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy for psychiatric and somatic disorders: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis |
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| Authors: | Per Carlbring Gerhard Andersson Pim Cuijpers Heleen Riper Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Swedenper@carlbring.se;3. Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Link?ping University, Link?ping, Sweden;4. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;5. Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Section of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;6. VU University Medical Centre/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;7. Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;8. Faculty of Health Science, Telepsychiatric Unit, University of Southern Denmark, University Hospital, Odense, Denmark;9. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine and Division of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | During the last two decades, Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) has been tested in hundreds of randomized controlled trials, often with promising results. However, the control groups were often waitlisted, care-as-usual or attention control. Hence, little is known about the relative efficacy of ICBT as compared to face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, which included 1418 participants, guided ICBT for psychiatric and somatic conditions were directly compared to face-to-face CBT within the same trial. Out of the 2078 articles screened, a total of 20 studies met all inclusion criteria. Results showed a pooled effect size at post-treatment of Hedges g = .05 (95% CI, ?.09 to .20), indicating that ICBT and face-to-face treatment produced equivalent overall effects. Study quality did not affect outcomes. While the overall results indicate equivalence, there have been few studies of the individual psychiatric and somatic conditions so far, and for the majority, guided ICBT has not been compared against face-to-face treatment. Thus, more research, preferably with larger sample sizes, is needed to establish the general equivalence of the two treatment formats. |
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| Keywords: | Guided internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy face-to-face therapy anxiety and mood disorders somatic disorders meta-analysis |
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