夫妻沟通模式与婚姻质量的关系

本文拟采用主-客体互倚模型(Actor-partner interdependence model,APIM)的方法深入探讨夫妻双方感知到的夫妻间的沟通模式与其自身及配偶感知到的婚姻质量之间的关系。以方便取样的方式在澳门地区选取130对成年夫妻,采用Christensen等人修订的沟通模式调查问卷(Communication Pattern Questionnaire,CPQ)和Spanier编制的婚姻质量问卷(Dyadic Adjustment Scales,DAS),要求夫妻双方分别以自陈问卷的方式报告其感知到的沟通模式和婚姻质量。通过配对t检验、相关分析和结构方程模型统计分析发现:(1)夫妻间的沟通以建设性沟通为主,双方回避和要求/回避型沟通较少;丈夫感知到的婚姻质量总体上优于妻子感知到的婚姻质量。(2)夫妻双方在沟通模式和婚姻质量的感知上具有一致性,在沟通模式中的两个和婚姻质量中的三个分量表上的得分不存在显著差异。(3)夫妻间建设性沟通可以显著地正向预测自身感知到的婚姻质量;而双方回避和要求/回避型沟通则显著地负向预测自身感知到的婚姻质量。(4)在控制了丈夫、妻子感知到的沟通模式对其自身婚姻质量的主体效应之后,丈夫感知到的沟通模式可以显著地预测妻子感受到的婚姻质量;然而妻子感知到的沟通模式并不能显著地预测丈夫的婚姻质量。

The Study of Relationship Between Communication Patterns and Marital Quality

This study aimed to explore the relationship between communication patterns couples perceived and their marital quality using actor -partner interdependence model,which allowed exploring the actor effect and partner effect simultaneously.A sample of 130 adult couples in Macao were asked to fulfill the questionnaire including the communication pattern questionnaire revised by Chiristensen,and Dyadic adjustment Scales developed by Spanier.After a series statistical analysis including paired t-test,correlation analysis and Structural Equation Modeling,the results indicated that (1) the most communication pattern these couples perceived was mutual constructive communication,and the negative communication pattern,which included demand/withdraw and mutual avoidance communication pattern were less.(2) The communication pattern and marital quality perceived by husbands consistently with those of wives.There was no significant difference between husbands'and wives'scoring on 2 of 3 subscales of communication pattern and 3 of 4 subscales of marital quality.(3) The mutual constructive communication pattern the couples perceived could predict their own marital quality positively,while the demand/withdraw and mutual avoidance communication pattern could predict their own marital quality negatively.(4) After controlling the actor effect,the communication pattern husbands perceived could predict significantly their wives'marital quality,while the communication pattern wives perceived couldn't predict their husbands'marital quality.