类比推理的眼动研究:揭示个体类比推理策略发展的有效手段

近年来，研究者利用眼动技术具有高时间精度的优势，探明不同年龄群体完成类比推理过程的眼动模式特点并得出其在进行类比推理时所使用的策略。基于类比推理的眼动研究发现了三种典型的类比推理策略——项目优先策略、结构匹配策略和语义限制策略。成人更多表现为项目优先策略，儿童更多表现为语义限制策略。未来研究可以优化类比推理眼动指标，尤其是全局扫视路径的计算方法，并重点关注特殊群体的类比推理眼动模式以及关注类比推理策略与其他认知能力的交互作用。

Eye Movement Research of Analogical Reasoning: An Effective Way to Reveal the Developing Analogical Reasoning Strategies

As the "core of cognition", analogical reasoning refers the process of generating inferences based on relational correspondences between two domains. In the recent years, researchers have begun to explore analogical reasoning using eye-movement technology. An advantage of using eye tracking on analogical reasoning is that it provides a real-time metric of the strategies that individual is engaging in while solving the task. By analyzing the order and amount of time that individual spend fixating on the various items in the analogy problem,researchers can gain insight that how individual is integrating information over the course of a trial before arriving at a solution. Recent studies have found three analogical strategies based on eye movement pattern.-project-first strategy, structure-mapping strategy and semantic-constrain strategy. Previous results showed that adults used more project-first strategy, while children used more semantic-constraint strategy. Future study can optimize the eye movement on analogy, especially the global saccade path. Furthermore, study would also focus special group's eye pattern on analogical reasoning and its relationship with behavior prediction.