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Explaining the effects of a decision intervention on mammography intentions: The roles of worry,fear and perceived susceptibility to breast cancer |
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| Authors: | Holli H Seitz Marilyn M Schapira Laura A Gibson Christine Skubisz Susan Mello Katrina Armstrong |
| Institution: | 1. Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;2. Department of Communication, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA;3. Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;4. Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA;5. Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;6. Department of Communication Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA;7. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA |
| Abstract: | Objective: This study examines the effects of a mammography decision intervention on perceived susceptibility to breast cancer (PSBC) and emotion and investigates how these outcomes predict mammography intentions. Design: Randomised between-subjects online experiment. Participants were stratified into two levels of risk. Within each stratum, conditions included a basic information condition and six decision intervention conditions that included personalised risk estimates and varied according to a 2 (amount of information: brief vs. extended) × 3 (format: expository vs. untailored exemplar vs. tailored exemplar) design. Participants included 2465 US women ages 35–49. Main Outcome Measures: PSBC as a percentage, PSBC as a frequency, worry, fear and mammography intentions. Results: The intervention resulted in significant reductions in PSBC as a percentage for women in both strata and significant increases in worry and fear for women in the upper risk stratum. Of the possible mediators examined, only PSBC as a percentage was a consistent mediator of the effect of the intervention on mammography intentions. Conclusion: The results provide insight into the mechanism of action of the intervention by showing that PSBC mediated the effects of the intervention on mammography intentions. |
| Keywords: | perceived susceptibility perceived risk mammography decision aid worry fear |