试论宗教与民族的关系

宗教与民族的关系，不论在中国还是全世界，在历史文化还是现实生活中，都是一个引人注目的重大问题。本文旨在从理论上澄清二者的基本关系。文章先从理论和现实两方面提出了研究二者关系的必要性，再从宗教与民族关系的根源、宗教对民族形成的作用、宗教与民族特性的区别、宗教与民族发展的相互作用、宗教对民族之间关系的正负影响等方面，进行了兼顾问题两面的理论澄清，指出在宗教与民族二者之中，任一方的道德或理性成分的发展都会有利于另一方的道德或理性成分的发展，任一方的狂热或反理性倾向都会加剧另一方的狂热或反理性倾向；最后从世界各国宗教与民族关系的历史与现状着眼，概括了宗教与民族各自面对的问题，并从中尽力总结出七条经验教训，以期有利于我国在宗教与民族关系上的理论研究和实际工作。

ON THE REIATIONSHIP BETWEEN RELIGION AND NATIONALITY

The relationship between religion and nationality. is of top importance for the understanding of human culture and of the actual life of China. This article is an attempt to make some theoretical clarification of this topic. Proceeded from drawing attention both in theory and in practice to this issue, the author tries to give an all- round discussion by idertifying the roots of the relationship between religion and nationality, defining the roles of religion in the formation of nationality, and analyzing the difference in character, the cross- functions in development and the positive - negative influences between the two. The author argues that the growing of moral or rational elements in each of the two will be a positive factor to these elements of the other while the intensifying of fanatical or irrational elements will be a negative factor to these elements of the other. The article concludes with seven principles drawn from the history and reality of the relations between religions and nationalities in the world, which he believes, will be helpful to the solutions both in theory and in practice of the related issues in China today.