Adult-child interaction during invasive medical procedures. |
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Authors: | S L Manne R Bakeman P B Jacobsen K Gorfinkle D Bernstein W H Redd |
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Affiliation: | Psychiatry Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021. |
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Abstract: | Adult-child interactions during stressful medical procedures were investigated in 43 pediatric patients videotaped during a venipuncture procedure in the course of cancer treatment. Relations among six adult behavior categories (explain, distract, command to engage in coping behavior, give control to the child, praise, and criticize/threat/bargain) and three child behavior categories (momentary distress, cry/scream, and cope) were examined using correlational and sequential analysis. Results indicated that adult distraction resulted in increased child coping and reduced momentary distress and crying. Adult explanations, although a likely response to child distress and crying, did not result in a reduction of these behaviors. Attempts to give the child control reduced child crying. Implications for clinical interventions during painful medical procedures are discussed. |
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