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非熟练中-英双语者跨语言的错误记忆通道效应
引用本文:毛伟宾,杨治良,王林松,袁建伟. 非熟练中-英双语者跨语言的错误记忆通道效应[J]. 心理学报, 2008, 40(3): 274-282. DOI:  
作者姓名:毛伟宾  杨治良  王林松  袁建伟
作者单位:1. 山东师范大学心理学院,济南,250014;华东师范大学心理心理学系,上海,200062
2. 华东师范大学心理心理学系,上海,200062
3. 山东警察学院专业基础部,济南,250014
4. 鲁东大学大学英语教学部,烟台,264025
基金项目:教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题 , 山东省强化建设重点学科发展与教育心理学专项经费
摘    要:采用DRM范式以112名非熟练中-英双语者为被试进行了跨语言的错误记忆通道效应实验。实验采用三因素混合设计,根据学习通道和测验通道的不同,把被试分为4组,用由汉语与英语单词组成的DRM词表进行学习和测验。结果发现,⑴在非熟练中-英双语被试中存在错误记忆的跨语言现象;⑵非熟练中-英双语者跨语言的错误记忆存在很强的语言特异性,表现为相同语言条件高于不同语言条件、汉语高于英语;⑶在学习与测验相同语言条件下运用校正的再认分数——敏感性指标Pr,进一步探讨错误记忆的通道效应,发现了跟西方不一致的结论:即无论汉语词表还是英语词表,非熟练中-英双语者在视觉通道上的错误记忆明显高于听觉通道

关 键 词:错误记忆  DRM  跨语言  通道效应  双语记忆表征
收稿时间:2007-04-19
修稿时间:2007-04-19

Modality Effect of Cross-Language False Memory among Less Proficient Chinese-English Bilinguals
MAO Wei-Bin,YANG Zhi-Liang,WANG Lin-Song,YUANG Jian-Wei. Modality Effect of Cross-Language False Memory among Less Proficient Chinese-English Bilinguals[J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2008, 40(3): 274-282. DOI:  
Authors:MAO Wei-Bin  YANG Zhi-Liang  WANG Lin-Song  YUANG Jian-Wei
Affiliation:School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
Abstract:Over the past decade, there has been an explosion of research on false memory. Although linguistic stimuli have always been used in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm in research on false memory, surprisingly few of these studies have involved bilingual participants and cross-language effects in false memory. In the present experiment, language was utilized as a new variable to explore whether false memory of less proficient Chinese-English bilinguals can cross language boundaries just like in the case of proficient bilinguals, as demonstrated by recent studies. Furthermore, Chinese and English belong to different language systems; therefore, the modality effect reported by Smith and Hunt (1998), Maylor and Mo (1999), and Gallo et al. (2001) deserves more careful scrutiny. In this experiment, we also tested whether false memory with respect to Chinese characters has the same modality effect as it does on English words in order to enrich the explanations for this effect. The research materials included 16 lists from Stadler, Roediger, and McDermott’s (1999) article (8 English and 8 Chinese lists). Each list consisted of the 12 most common associates to a critical lure. The recognition list comprised of 96 randomly arranged items, including 48 studied words, 16 nonstudied critical lures from each list, and 32 unrelated words, which were all presented in the same language or a different language used at study. A mixed design was used, with two between-subject variables (study and test modalities) and one within-subject variable (the same and different languages between study and test). The participants were 112 undergraduate students who were randomly assigned to 4 experimental conditions (visual-visual, visual-auditory, auditory-visual, and auditory-auditory). The study lists and recognition lists were presented visually (English list: lowercase letters; Chinese list: Song font) in the center of the computer screen or auditorily (by a male voice) over headphones. The results are reported in terms of the mean of true and false recognition proportions as well as the corrected recognition scores Pr for each language condition and modality condition. A 2 (language: English, Chinese) × 2 (study modality: visual, auditory) × 2 (test modality: visual, auditory) repeated measures ANOVA on different conditions indicated that there were main effects of language, study modality, test modality, and interactions among language, study modality, and test modality. False memory of less proficient Chinese-English bilinguals can cross language boundaries, but false memory is higher in the same language than in a different language, and in the Chinese lists than in the English ones. Remarkably, in the present experiment, visual study led to significantly more false memory than auditory study, which was different from the findings reported in the existing Western studies. These findings are important to understand the mechanism of false memory
Keywords:alse memory  DRM paradigm  cross-language  modality effect  bilingual memory representation
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