识字量和词汇知识在儿童阅读发展中的相对重要性

本研究基于简单阅读观理论，以两个样本共计666名大班至四年级的汉语儿童为研究对象，探索了识字量和词汇知识在儿童阅读能力发展中的作用及相对重要性的变化。结果显示，在阅读学习早期，识字量对阅读理解的重要性高于词汇知识。随着年级的升高，识字量的重要性降低，而词汇知识的重要性增加。这一发现证实简单阅读观理论也适用于解释汉语阅读能力的发展，并对今后的语文教学具有重要的启示意义。

The Importance of Decoding Skills and Vocabulary to Reading Comprehension in Chinese Reading Development

According to the Simple View of Reading (e.g., Gough & Tunmer, 1986), linguistic comprehension and decoding are fundamental to reading comprehension. Many relevant studies have focused on alphabetical writing systems, yet few studies have analyzed non-alphabetical languages, such as Chinese. The present study used two samples to explore the developing roles of decoding and vocabulary (two factors of SVR) with Chinese language. The decoding, vocabulary, and reading comprehension abilities of 666 Chinese children were measured in kindergarten, grade 1, grade 2, grade 3 and grade 5 (aged from 5.6 to 9.3 years). The results of the regression showed that decoding and vocabulary accounted for 32% to 76% of the variance for reading comprehension across grades, and the unique contribution of decoding decreased over the grades while that of vocabulary increased. Implications and future research directions relating to the influence of decoding and vocabulary on reading development are discussed. According to that decoding is of great importance for reading comprehension at the beginning of school. Therefore, in the early grades, decoding instructions are of great importance. However, since vocabulary plays a more important role in later grades, our teaching shouldn't always emphasize on character learning and ignore vocabulary. Thus, it is essential to teach children how to increase their vocabulary (e.g., selecting reading materials with new words from different levels of difficulties).