青少年早期同伴侵害的亚类别及其稳定性:个体定向的分析

以山东省济南市12所初中的2015名初一学生为被试，对其持续追踪至初二年级，采用自我报告法测查青少年的同伴侵害、受欺负和社交退缩，采用同伴提名法测查青少年的攻击行为。采用潜在剖面分析和潜在转变分析，探讨青少年早期同伴侵害的亚类别以及各亚类别中青少年受侵害身份的稳定性与发展变化。结果发现：（1）同伴侵害亚类别可以分为：未受侵害组、低受侵害组、中等受侵害组和高受侵害组四类，各亚类别间的异质性主要体现在受侵害程度上；（2）中等受侵害组和高受侵害组表现出高水平的攻击行为和社交退缩，且高受侵害组的社交退缩行为更多；（3）青少年早期个体的受侵害身份具有中到高水平的稳定性，同时也存在着一定的发展变化，主要表现为高受侵害组青少年倾向于向中等受侵害组转变，中等受侵害组青少年倾向于向低受侵害组转变。攻击行为是受侵害身份转变的重要预测因素。

Peer Victimization During Early Adolescence: Person Centered Analysis

Peer victimization refers to the experience of being a target of peers' aggressive behaviors, in the forms of physical, verbal, and relational abuse, and property infringement. The current study aimed to use latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify subgroups of victims, and to examine individual behavior factors that could distinguish these subgroups. In addition, we used latent transition analysis (LTA) to examine the stability and developmental changes of peer victimization status during the two time points. Participants were 2,015 seventh graders (T1:mean age 13.20±0.36 years old) sampled from 12 middle schools in Jinan, who were assessed again one year later. The main findings of this study were as follows:(1) LPA identified four classes of adolescents representing non-victimized class, lowly victimized class, moderately victimized class, and highly victimized class at both T1 and T2. Findings indicated there were multiple heterogeneous subgroups based on the severity of peer victimization. (2) Class differences were found on measures of aggressive behavior and social withdrawn, validating the LPA classes. High victims and moderate victims reported higher levels of aggressive behavior than the groups of low victims and non-victims. In terms of social withdrawn, all four classes differed from each other. Students in highly victimized class reported more social withdrawn behaviors than the other three classes. (3) Latent transition analyses (LTA) revealed moderate to high level of stabilities of victimization status over time. In addition, transitions across different class were also evident. The highly victimized class was more likely to transit into the moderately victimized class, while the moderate victims were more likely to transit into the low victims. In addition, aggressive behavior can promote the mutual transformation between the lowly and moderately victimized classes. This study enhanced our understanding of the complex patterns of peer victimization and lent theoretical supports to prevention and intervention programs on adolescent peer victimization.