高低阅读技能聋生词汇加工的语境预测性效应特点:眼动证据

本研究考察中文聋生读者利用语境预测性信息促进词汇加工的过程特点。实验采用3（组别：高阅读技能聋生组vs.高阅读技能聋生的能力匹配健听组vs.低阅读技能聋生组）×2（句子背景对目标词的预测程度：高预测vs.低预测）混合设计。结果发现：（1）目标词的左侧词汇上，能力匹配健听组在凝视时间和总注视时间两个指标上可见语境预测性效应，两个聋生组在任何指标上均没有语境预测性效应；（2）目标词上，能力匹配健听组在首次注视时间、凝视时间和总注视时间三项指标上均可见显著的语境预测性效应，高阅读技能聋生组仅在总注视上可见语境预测性效应，低阅读技能聋生的任何眼动指标均没有语境预测性效应。由此可见，聋生在利用语境预测性促进词汇加工方面与健听读者有所差异；相对于低阅读技能聋生，高阅读技能聋生读者识别词汇时能更多地利用语境预测性信息。

The Prediction Effects for Skill and Less-skill Deaf Readers in Chinese Reading: Evidence from Eye Movement

We explore how deaf students use context information for promoting word processing during Chinese reading. The experiment was a 3 (groups:skill deaf readers vs. skill hearing readers vs. less-skill deaf readers)×2 (the degree of prediction:high prediction vs. low prediction) mixed design. The results showed that:for the eye movement measures in pre-target region (1) there were significant or marginal significant effect of prediction in total fixation time and gaze duration for skill hearing readers, however, prediction effects for skill and less-skill deaf readers were not reliable; For the eye movement measures in target region (2) the effects of prediction in total fixation time, gaze duration and first fixation duration for skill hearing readers were all reliable, only the effect of prediction in total fixation time was significant for skill deaf readers, there was no prediction effects for less-skill deaf readers. Thus, these results indicated that it was qualitative differences between hearing and deaf reading when they use contextual cues to boost word processing, and that compared with the less-skill deaf readers, skill deaf readers can make better use of context information.