1996至2015年中国老年人社会支持的变迁:一项横断历史研究

本研究对1996至2015年间85篇采用社会支持评定量表（SSRS）测量我国老年人（共43302名被试）社会支持的研究报告进行了横断历史元分析，以考察老年人社会支持水平随年代的变化情况。结果表明：（1）近20年，我国老年人的社会支持水平整体呈逐年下降趋势，社会支持总分、客观支持和对支持的利用度因子均与年代有显著负相关，主观支持因子与年代的相关不显著；（2）男性和女性老年人主观支持与年代均有显著正相关，其他因子均与年代没有显著相关，同时在社会支持水平上没有显著性别差异；（3）东部地区老年人主观支持与年代呈显著正相关，其他地区老年人社会支持总分、客观支持和对支持的利用度因子均与年代呈显著负相关。

Changes in Chinese Old People's Social Support During 1996~2015: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis

This study conducted a cross-temporal meta-analysis of 85 papers using Xiao's Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) to investigate the changes of Chinese old people's social support level (N=43302) from 1996 to 2015. Results showed that:(1) Over the past two decades, the level of social support of old people tended to decrease. While the subjective support was not associated with year, the total score of social support, the objective support and the degree of support-utilization among old people decreased significantly over time. (2) The level of subjective support of old people (both women and men) increased significantly from 1996 to 2015, whereas scores of other factors (objective support and the degree of support-utilization) had no significant changes over time. In addition, there was no significant gender difference in the level of social support. (3) For old people in eastern regions, the level of subject support increased significantly with year; whereas for old people in other regions, the total score of social support and its two factors (objective support and the degree of support-utilization) were significantly negatively correlated with year.