Why schema-violations are sometimes preferable to schema-consistencies: The role of interest and openness to experience |
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| Institution: | 1. Indiana University, USA;2. University of Cincinnati, USA;1. Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland;2. Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland;3. Center for Multilingualism in Society across the Lifespan, Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian studies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;4. Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland |
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| Abstract: | We investigated the appraisal processes and personality antecedents that regulate people’s attraction to schema-violations - targets and objects that disconfirm schema- and stereotype-based expectancies. In two studies a preference for schema-violations (vs. consistencies) correlated positively with openness to experience, and negatively with the need for structure. In the second study, schema-violations were seen as more surprising (by all individuals), decreasing intentions to approach schema-violations, but were also seen as more interesting (by those higher in openness to experience), increasing intentions to approach and accept schema-violations. This suggests that two opposing processes - appraisals of surprise and appraisals of interest - regulate reactions to schema-violations, and that these processes are bounded by individual differences in openness to experience. |
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| Keywords: | Schema-violations Inconsistency Consistency Need for structure Need for closure Openness to experience Interest Surprise |
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