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When causality shapes the experience of time: Evidence for temporal binding in young children
Authors:Emma Blakey  Emma C. Tecwyn  Teresa McCormack  David A. Lagnado  Christoph Hoerl  Sara Lorimer  Marc J. Buehner
Abstract:It is well established that the temporal proximity of two events is a fundamental cue to causality. Recent research with adults has shown that this relation is bidirectional: events that are believed to be causally related are perceived as occurring closer together in time—the so‐called temporal binding effect. Here, we examined the developmental origins of temporal binding. Participants predicted when an event that was either caused by a button press, or preceded by a non‐causal signal, would occur. We demonstrate for the first time that children as young as 4 years are susceptible to temporal binding. Binding occurred both when the button press was executed via intentional action, and when a machine caused it. These results suggest binding is a fundamental, early developing property of perception and grounded in causal knowledge. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQC_MqjxZQQ
Keywords:causal binding  causality  intentional action  temporal binding  temporal contiguity  time perception
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