主动性控制在语言转换线索加工阶段的作用

利用ERP技术，考察个体的主动性控制在语言转换线索加工阶段的作用。实验采用线索化的语言转换范式，要求汉–英双语者根据线索使用汉语或英语对图片进行命名，记录线索加工阶段的脑电成分。采用AX连续执行测验（AX-Continuous Performance Test）中AY试次的错误率作为主动性控制参与程度的指标。结果发现，在线索呈现后的200-350 ms和350-500 ms两个时间窗口，转换试次比重复试次诱发了更负的N2波幅和晚期负波，而且AY试次的错误率可以显著地预测转换试次的N2和晚期负波的波幅。结果表明，语言转换的线索加工可区分为由主动性控制调节的两个阶段，即“与非目标语言任务图式的分离”和“转入目标语言任务图式”的阶段。本研究为主动性控制参与语言转换过程提供了直接的实验证据。

The Role of Proactive Control in the Cue-locked Processes During Language Switching

The current study aimed to investigate the role of proactive control in the cue-locked processes during language switching using event-related potential (ERP) techniques. A cued language switching paradigm was adopted. Participants were asked to name the pictures in appropriate language according to a colored cue preceding the stimulus onset, while ERPs were recorded. AX-Continuous Performance Test was employed to separate proactive and reactive control. Correlation analyses were carried out between cue-locked ERPs and proactive control indexed by the error rates of AY trials. The results showed two cue-locked processes related to the proactive control:the early switch-repeat N2 effect in 200-350 ms time window and the later negativity effect in 350-500 ms time window, and both N2 and later negativity were negatively correlated with AY error rates. These results suggest the dual cue-locked processes of language switching:"switching away" from the non-target language and "switching to" the target language. This is the first direct evidence revealing the involvement of proactive control in language switching.