成人后期日常能力自评与操作水平的横断比较

采用自我评估与纸笔操作相结合的方法 ,对 2 3 3名 55至 74岁的成人后期被试完成七项日常活动的能力进行横断比较。结果表明 :自评能力与操作能力既存在一定的一致性 ,也存在相当大的差异性 ,各活动项目上的自评水平比操作水平要高 ;操作水平表现出随年龄增长而下降的趋势 ,从 70岁开始下降最为明显 ,而自评水平未呈现出这种变化特点 ;不同活动领域上的操作水平存在不同的发展轨迹 ;在少数活动领域具有显著的性别差异

A Cross-Sectional Study on Daily Competence in Late Adulthood with the Self-Rated and Performance-Based Assessment

Both self rated and performance based assessments were adopted to evaluate the daily competence in late adulthood.Cross sectional data were collected.The results indicated that there was modest but statistically significant correlation between self rating of daily competence and performance based measures.It seemed that subjects were more likely to overestimate their functional abilities.The performance based rating of abilities declined with aging,and reliable decrement of most abilities appeared in the group over 70.There were no age differences in self ratings of daily competence.Women performed better on housekeeping and shopping than men,and women rated their abilities higher on cooking than men did.