汉语阅读困难儿童认知特征研究

为了解汉语阅读困难者的认知特征，本研究从９６７名５年级１１－１３岁学生中抽取了１１８名被试，将他们分成困难组（包括截点组和低成就组）和对照组，并将其在词语理解等８个认知变量上进行了比较。结果表明，图形记忆与加工能力及对词语和一般信息理解能力的缺损是汉语阅读困难者主要的认知特征。研究还表明，一般信息理解能力发展水平是区分一般阅读落后和特殊阅读落后的一个指标。

A STUDY OF COGNITIVE PROFILES OF CHINESE LEARNERS' READING DISABILITY

To examine the validity of the hypothesis that dyslexia have their special cognitive profiles, we obtained 1 1 8 subjects from 967 5th grade, 11- 1 3 year old children. These assessments were subdivided into two groups, one being reading retardation group including cut- off subgroup and low achievement definition subgroup, the other being named compared group. The two assessments were compared on 8 cognitive variables which had been considered to be related to reading proficiency in English or Chinese. Results showed that the demagnification of memory and processing for design, the demagnification of comprehension for vocabulary and information were the main cognitive profiles. The results also showed that the ability for general information could distinguish relatively cut-off subgroup and low achie- vement definitive subgroup. So the results showed that the ability of comprehension of general information would be possible in distinguishing relatively general reading retardation and special reading retardation.