Neuroticism and psychopathy predict brain activation during moral and nonmoral emotion regulation |
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Authors: | Carla L Harenski Sang Hee Kim Stephan Hamann |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, P.O. Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA;(2) Law and Psychiatry Department, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;(3) Present address: Department of Criminology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, 12666–72nd Avenue, Surrey, British Colombia, V3W 2M8, Canada;(4) Present address: Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA |
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Abstract: | Functional neuroimaging has identified brain regions associated with voluntary regulation of emotion, including the prefrontal
cortex and amygdala. The neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in emotion regulation have not been extensively
studied. We investigated the neural correlates of neuroticism and psychopathic personality traits in the context of an emotion
regulation task. Results showed that amygdala activity elicited by unpleasant pictures was positively correlated with neuroticism
and negatively correlated with a specific psychopathic trait related to emotional underreactivity. During active attempts
to decrease emotional responses to unpleasant pictures, superior and ventrolateral prefrontal activity was positively correlated
with psychopathy, but not with neuroticism. In contrast, dorsolateral prefrontal activity was positively correlated with neuroticism,
but not with psychopathy. Psychopathy was also negatively correlated with medial prefrontal activity in response to pictures
depicting moral violations, suggesting reduced emotional responses to moral stimuli in individuals with high levels of psychopathic
traits. These results demonstrate dissociable influences of different personality traits on neural activity associated with
responses to emotional stimuli and on the recruitment of regulation-related brain activity during the active down-regulation
of responses to negative emotional stimuli. These results have implications for the etiology of trait-based psychopathology
involving emotional dysregulation. |
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