气温与气温变化对心理健康的影响

气温与气温变化对心理健康的威胁和影响引起越来越多研究者的关注。气温及气温变化对情绪体验、抑郁症等情感障碍、精神分裂症、阿尔茨海默等脑器质性精神障碍、物质滥用与依赖、自杀意念与行为等心理健康指标具有直接或间接的影响。气象情绪效应、棕色脂肪组织理论和血清素理论从生理角度解释气温影响心理健康的机制, 健康保持行为理论则从行为角度解释气温与心理健康的关系。儿童青少年、老年人、工人是高温与高温压力的易感人群。气温变化对心理健康的影响还存在性别、年龄、社会经济地位等方面的差异。未来研究应进一步区分不同的气温指标, 增加对低温与心理健康关系的关注, 控制其它因素对气温与心理健康关系的干扰, 并揭示群体间差异。

The influence of air temperature and temperature variability on mental health

More and more researchers are concerned about the threat and impact of temperature and temperature variability on mental health. Temperature and temperature variability has direct or indirect effects on mental health indicators such as emotional well-being, emotional disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, organic mental disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, substance abuse and dependence, suicidal ideation and behavior. Most researchers explain the mechanism of temperature's influence on mental health from physiological aspects such as meteorological emotional effect, brown adipose tissue theory, and serotonin theory. Children and adolescents, the elderly, workers are vulnerable to temperature and high temperature pressure. There are also gender, age, and socioeconomic status differences in the effects of temperature change on mental health. In future studies, it is necessary to further distinguish different temperature indexes, pay more attention to the relationship between low temperature and mental health, control the interference of other factors on the relationship between temperature and mental health, and reveal the differences between individuals and groups.