道德推脱对青少年攻击行为的影响：有调节的中介效应

采用问卷法调查了756名初一至高三的青少年, 通过结构方程模型探讨了青少年攻击行为与父母冲突、道德推脱、道德判断之间的关系。结果发现：(1)男生的道德推脱水平显著高于女生; (2)青少年的道德推脱水平会随着年龄的增长而升高, 并且在15岁和19岁时产生明显的变化; (3) 青少年自身的道德推脱在父母冲突与青少年攻击行为之间起着部分中介作用, 这一中介作用过程受到青少年道德判断的调节, 即道德推脱对青少年攻击行为的影响是有调节的中介效应。

Effect of Moral Disengagement on Adolescents' Aggressive Behavior: Moderated Mediating Effect

Moral disengagement is an individual predisposition to evoke cognitions that allow individuals to restructure their actions to appear less harmful, minimize their role in the outcomes of their actions, or attenuate the distress that they cause to others. Adolescents with high levels of moral disengagement may tend to report more aggressive behavior. However, most researches about adolescents’ moral disengagement are conducted in Western countries, and we have limited knowledge about the moral disengagement of Chinese counterparts. So this study is aimed to investigate the effects of interparental conflict, moral disengagement, and moral judgment on adolescents’ aggressive behavior in contemporary China. The Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale, Moral Disengagement Scale, Moral Reasoning about Aggression Scale and Aggression Questionnaire were administered to 756 adolescents (332 boys and 424 girls) from junior and senior high schools in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, using Structural Equation Model Analysis.
The results show that: (1) The boys got significantly higher scores than girls did in moral disengagement scale (t=5.11, p<0.001). (2) Adolescents in different ages showed significantly different moral disengagement, and this difference was most apparent in 15 and 19 age groups. (3) Adolescent’ performance in Interparental conflict scale could predict their aggressive behavior (g=0.27, p<0.001), and moral disengagement could partially mediate the relationship between interparental conflict and aggressive behavior. This result indicates that parents’ conflicts could affect adolescents’ aggressive behavior by influencing moral disengagement. However, the mediating effect of moral disengagement was moderated by moral judgment. That is to say moral disengagement, as a moderated mediator, had an effect on adolescents’ aggressive behavior.
The present study enriched the theory of moral disengagement by confirming the moderating role of moral judgment in the relationship between moral disengagement and aggressive behavior. It was suggested that we could decrease the adolescents’ aggressive behavior by reducing their interparental conflict, reducing their moral disengagement, and improving their moral judgment.