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First-person approaches in neuroscience of consciousness: Brain dynamics correlate with the intention to act
Affiliation:1. Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany;2. Institute for Transcultural Health Studies, European University Viadrina, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany;3. Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany;4. Research Section of Applied Consciousness Sciences, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany;1. Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome, Italy;2. Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via Dei Marsi 78, Rome, Italy;3. Department of Human Neuroscience, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale Dell’Università 30, Rome, Italy;1. Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research, Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy;2. SC di Neurologia di Firenze, AUSL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy;1. Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Rome, Italy;2. Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy;3. Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy;1. Department of Psychology, Palacký University Olomouc, Vodární 6, Olomouc, Czech Republic;2. Department of Medical Ethics and Humanities, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Plzeňská 130/221, Prague, Czech Republic;1. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States;2. Department of Psychology, Florida State University, United States;3. School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Australia;4. Department of Philosophy, Florida State University, United States
Abstract:The belief in free will has been frequently challenged since Benjamin Libet published his famous experiment in 1983. Although Libet’s experiment is highly dependent upon subjective reports, no study has been conducted that focused on a first-person or introspective perspective of the task. We took a neurophenomenological approach in an N = 1 study providing reliable and valid measures of the first-person perspective in conjunction with brain dynamics. We found that a larger readiness potential (RP) is attributable to more frequent occurrences of self-initiated movements during negative deflections of the slow cortical potentials (SCP). These negative deflections occur in parallel with an inner impulse reported by an expert meditator which may in turn lead to a voluntary act. We demonstrate in this proof-of-principle approach that the first-person perspective obtained by an expert meditator in conjunction with neural signal analysis can contribute to our understanding of the neural underpinnings of voluntary acts.
Keywords:First-person data  Neurophenomenology  Intention to act  Libet experiment  Readiness potential  Slow cortical potential
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