Self-referential memory in autism spectrum disorder and typical development: Exploring the ownership effect |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom;2. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom;1. Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK;2. School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA;3. Both authors contributed equally to this work;1. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan;2. Nagoya University, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Department of Social and Human Environment, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;1. Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat 38, 9712, TJ Groningen, the Netherlands;2. Department of Parenting and Special Education, KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000, Leuven, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | Owned objects occupy a privileged cognitive processing status and are viewed almost as extensions of the self. It has been demonstrated that items over which a sense of ownership is felt will be better remembered than other items (an example of the “self-reference effect”). As autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by an a typical self-concept, people with ASD may not demonstrate this “ownership effect”. Two experiments were conducted which replicate and extend Cunningham, Turk, MacDonald, and Macrae (2008). In Experiment 1, neurotypical adults completed a card sorting task and cards belonging to the ‘self’ were better remembered than cards belonging to another person. In Experiment 2, adults with ASD recalled self- and other owned items equally well. These results shed light both on the relation between sense of self and the ownership effect, and the nature of the self-concept in ASD. |
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| Keywords: | Autism spectrum disorder Recognition memory Ownership Self-reference effect Self-awareness |
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